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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>
git-update-ref(1) Manual Page
</h1>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-update-ref -
   Update the object name stored in a ref safely
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git update-ref</em> [-m &lt;reason&gt;] (-d &lt;ref&gt; [&lt;oldvalue&gt;] | [--no-deref] &lt;ref&gt; &lt;newvalue&gt; [&lt;oldvalue&gt;])</pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Given two arguments, stores the &lt;newvalue&gt; in the &lt;ref&gt;, possibly
dereferencing the symbolic refs.  E.g. <code>git update-ref HEAD
&lt;newvalue&gt;</code> updates the current branch head to the new object.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Given three arguments, stores the &lt;newvalue&gt; in the &lt;ref&gt;,
possibly dereferencing the symbolic refs, after verifying that
the current value of the &lt;ref&gt; matches &lt;oldvalue&gt;.
E.g. <code>git update-ref refs/heads/master &lt;newvalue&gt; &lt;oldvalue&gt;</code>
updates the master branch head to &lt;newvalue&gt; only if its current
value is &lt;oldvalue&gt;.  You can specify 40 "0" or an empty string
as &lt;oldvalue&gt; to make sure that the ref you are creating does
not exist.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It also allows a "ref" file to be a symbolic pointer to another
ref file by starting with the four-byte header sequence of
"ref:".</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>More importantly, it allows the update of a ref file to follow
these symbolic pointers, whether they are symlinks or these
"regular file symbolic refs".  It follows <strong>real</strong> symlinks only
if they start with "refs/": otherwise it will just try to read
them and update them as a regular file (i.e. it will allow the
filesystem to follow them, but will overwrite such a symlink to
somewhere else with a regular filename).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If --no-deref is given, &lt;ref&gt; itself is overwritten, rather than
the result of following the symbolic pointers.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In general, using</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git update-ref HEAD "$head"</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>should be a <em>lot</em> safer than doing</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>echo "$head" &gt; "$GIT_DIR/HEAD"</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>both from a symlink following standpoint <strong>and</strong> an error checking
standpoint.  The "refs/" rule for symlinks means that symlinks
that point to "outside" the tree are safe: they&#8217;ll be followed
for reading but not for writing (so we&#8217;ll never write through a
ref symlink to some other tree, if you have copied a whole
archive by creating a symlink tree).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>With <code>-d</code> flag, it deletes the named &lt;ref&gt; after verifying it
still contains &lt;oldvalue&gt;.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_logging_updates">Logging Updates</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>If config parameter "core.logAllRefUpdates" is true and the ref is one under
"refs/heads/", "refs/remotes/", "refs/notes/", or the symbolic ref HEAD; or
the file "$GIT_DIR/logs/&lt;ref&gt;" exists then <code>git update-ref</code> will append
a line to the log file "$GIT_DIR/logs/&lt;ref&gt;" (dereferencing all
symbolic refs before creating the log name) describing the change
in ref value.  Log lines are formatted as:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
oldsha1 SP newsha1 SP committer LF
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Where "oldsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value previously
stored in &lt;ref&gt;, "newsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value of
&lt;newvalue&gt; and "committer" is the committer&#8217;s name, email address
and date in the standard Git committer ident format.</p></div>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Optionally with -m:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
oldsha1 SP newsha1 SP committer TAB message LF
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Where all fields are as described above and "message" is the
value supplied to the -m option.</p></div>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>An update will fail (without changing &lt;ref&gt;) if the current user is
unable to create a new log file, append to the existing log file
or does not have committer information available.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2013-06-10 20:01:55 UTC
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</div>
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